Caitlin McIntosh

Plant poisoning of livestock : issues of economic impact and biological sustainability using Cicuta douglasii and Kochia scoparia case studies

This paper reviews the prevalence and distribution of plant poisoning within the United States and its impact on livestock management and production. The biochemical characterization of plant toxins is outlined, as well as an evaluation of the possible economic impact of such poisonings. The impact which grazing pressures may have on poisonous plant density is explained, specifically in areas of arid and semi-arid soils such as the rangelands of the American southwest. Two plants, water hemlock ( Cicuta douglasii ) and Kochia weed ( Kochia scoparia ), and their respective toxins are closely reviewed. An example case study of poisoning by water hemlock and Kochia weed is also included. In conclusion, current methods of plant control and veterinary treatment are reviewed. An appendix of poisonous plants commonly found in New England is included for distribution by the Connecticut College Arboretum.